Two databases, OMIM and Mitomap, are especially useful in exploring human mitochondrial mutations
If you are interested in learning whether aminoglycoside-induced deafness is inherited maternally, and what gene(s) is/are involved, which of the following would give you the most information? A) the Mitomap position map with gene names
B) the sequence with specifically altered amino acid coding
C) the OMIM description of symptoms and diagnosis
D) the OMIM description of the TRMU gene at 22q13
E) the Mitomap loci of genes associated with deafness
E
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The mechanism for reactive oxygen species to cause mutation is
A. bases are oxidized to a variety of different products which might pair with a different base than the original base would have B. thymine bases are dimerized which causes a break in the DNA which is not repaired correctly. C. the reactive oxygen species stabilize different tautomeric forms of the bases causing inappropriate pairing. D. guanine is depurinated by the reactive oxygen species and if it is not repaired can result in any base being inserted.
Enzymes that are always present, regardless of the amount of substrate, are ________.
A. regulated enzymes B. endoenzymes C. exoenzymes D. constitutive enzymes E. apoenzymes
Which of the following are cytokines produced in response to invasion by viruses
A. RIG-1 B. Interferon C. Histamine D. Interleukin E. Colony-stimulating factor
Signal transduction is best described as ________
A) transmission of signals from cancer cells to normal cells B) communication between cells through physical interaction C) transmission of signals external to the cell to the nucleus D) communication between nuclei of two organisms