Following diagnostic tests of the gastrointestinal (GI) system, a patient with chronic constipation asks the nurse, "What is peristalsis, and why it is important?" The nurse explains:
1. "Peristalsis works against gravity to swiftly propel food through the GI tract to decrease problems with constipation."
2. "Peristalsis releases enzymes that break food down and aids in the propulsion of food through the GI tract. These enzymes work hard to prevent constipation."
3. "Peristalsis is the contraction of circular and longitudinal muscles that propels food through the GI tract. If peristalsis slows, it can cause problems with constipation."
4. "Peristalsis is stimulated by a food bolus, which results in the contraction of the pyloric sphincter to help keep food down. If unable to keep food down, constipation can be the result."
ANS: 3
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