A patient presents to the emergency department with the complaint of vomiting and diarrhea for the past 48 hours. The nurse anticipates which fluid therapy initially?
a. 0.9% sodium chloride
b. Dextrose 10% in water
c. Dextrose 5% in water
d. 0.45% sodium chloride
A
Patients with prolonged vomiting and diarrhea become hypovolemic. The best solution to replace extracellular volume is 0.9% sodium chloride, which is an isotonic solution. Dextrose 10% in water, dextrose 5% in water, and 0.45% sodium chloride act as hypotonic solutions in the body. The first consideration is replacing extracellular volume to oxygenate tissues.
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