Which type of theory most often guides present nursing practice?
a. Grand theory
b. Middle range theory
c. Developmental theory
d. Values theory
ANS: B
Correct: Middle range theory is a nursing theory that refers to a specific population or to a specific situation, thereby making the theory easy to understand. An example is the theory of unpleasant symptoms (Lenz and Pugh), which examines symptoms that are influenced by physiologic, psychological, and situational factors as they relate to performance.
Incorrect:
a. Grand theory is broad in scope and may describe and explain large segments of human experience.
c. Developmental theory is not a standard term applied to nursing theory.
d. Values theory is not a standard term applied to nursing theory.
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