Which of the following older adults is likely at the highest risk for developing esophageal cancer?
A) A 74-year-old with alcoholism who has chewed tobacco for many decades.
B) A 66-year-old who has experienced significant dysphagia since her CVA 3 years prior.
C) An 80-year-old who has a history of sepsis that was attributed to periodontal disease.
D) An obese, 72-year-old who has a history of a hiatal hernia.
A
Feedback:
Alcohol, smokeless tobacco use, and poor oral hygiene are associated with an increased incidence of esophageal cancer. Dysphagia is a symptom rather than a causative agent of esophageal cancer. Obesity is not related to it. While hiatal hernias are not directly related, Barrett's esophagus is.
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