A new nurse tells a mentor, "I want to convey to my patients that I am interested in them and that I want to listen to what they have to say." Which behaviors are helpful in meeting the nurse's goal? Select all that apply
a. Sitting behind a desk, facing the patient.
b. Introducing self to a patient and identifying own role.
c. Using facial expressions that convey interest and encouragement.
d. Assuming an open body posture and sometimes mirror imaging.
e. Maintaining control of the topic under discussion by asking direct questions.
ANS: B, C, D
Trust is fostered when the nurse gives an introduction and identifies his or her role. Facial expressions that convey interest and encouragement support the nurse's verbal statements to that effect and strengthen the message. An open body posture conveys openness to listening to what the patient has to say. Mirror imaging enhances patient comfort. A desk would place a physical barrier between the nurse and patient. A face-to-face stance should be avoided when possible, and a less intense 90- or 120-degree angle is used to permit either party to look away without discomfort. Once introductions have been made, the nurse focuses the interview on the patient by using open-ended questions such as, "Where should we start?"
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