HIV uses a 5' cap structure to distinguish copies of the genome destined for translation versus copies used for replication.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
True
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While eating lobster for dinner one night your friend asks what you think might happen if this marine invertebrate, which is normally isosmotic with respect to the surrounding seawater, were to be moved to a bay with a slightly lower salt concentration instead of being caught. You reply that, in order for the lobster to be isosmotic with respect to new environment,
A. it must move water in to match the solute concentration of its new environment. B. it regulates its internal concentration of solutes to match that of its new environment. C. it must move water out to match the solute concentration of its new environment. D. it moves water in or out and regulates its internal concentration of water as needed.
A mutation in E. coli results in the loss of both restriction endonucleases and modification enzymes. Would you expect any difference in the frequency of gene transfer via transduction FROM Salmonella INTO this E. coli strain?
A. No-since the Salmonella strain is normal, the rate of production of transducing virus particles would still be the same, resulting in the same frequency of gene transfer. B. Yes-the loss of the restriction endonucleases would leave the recipient E. coli unable to break down "invading"' viral DNA from the transducing phage. This would lead to higher rates of successful transduction. C. Yes-the loss of the modification enzymes would leave the recipient E. coli unable to tag its own DNA as "self," leaving the viral DNA untagged and recognizable as "foreign," and targeted for destruction. This would lead to higher rates of successful transduction. D. No-transduction efficiency isn't affected by either restriction endonucleases or modification enzymes, so there'd be no effect on the overall rate. E. Yes-the loss of the restriction endonucleases would leave the recipient E. coli unable to break down "invading" viral DNA from the transducing phage, AND the loss of the modification enzymes would leave the recipient E. coli unable to tag its own DNA as "self," leaving the viral DNA untagged and recognizable as "foreign," and targeted for destruction. Together, thesewould lead to higher rates of successful transduction.
If the pH of the blood were to rise and the blood become less acidic, what affect would this have?
a. The red blood cells would secrete carbonic anhydrase. b. The blood would carry more CO2. c. Hemoglobin would release O2 more readily. d. Hemoglobin would be more likely to bind O2. e. Heme groups would bind more tightly to the globin.
Minisatellites used for establishing identity, such as paternity, are often called
a. pseudogenes. b. rDNA. c. gene clusters. d. VNTRs. e. fingerprints.