Motivation is defined as
a. an internal deficiency that energizes behavior.
b. the goals which reward our behavior and maintain behavior.
c. internal mechanisms which initiate, maintain, direct, and terminate behavior.
d. needs associated with impulses for self-actualization.
C
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The mode is rarely used to characterize the central tendency of ______ variables.
a. qualitative b. dependent c. independent d. quantitative
With bottom-up processing, a person is using __________ to recognize an object. With top-down processing, recognition is based on the use of __________.
A. ocular accommodation; retinal disparity B. schemas; feature detection C. feature detection; schemas D. retinal disparity; ocular accommodation
According to Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is roughly __________ items plus
or minus 2. a. 3 b. 5 c. 7 d. 9 e. 12
If individuals are asked to rate the effectiveness of condoms in preventing the transmission of HIV (the virus that causes AIDS), they would be most likely to rate a condom as effective if they were told:
a. that the condom has a 95 percent success rate in protecting against the HIV. b. that only 5 condom users out of every 100 are not protected against the HIV. c. that the condom has a 5 percent failure rate in protecting against the HIV. d. It does not matter, because all of the other options describe the same statistical effectiveness.