________ profiling is known as any police action initiated on the basis of the race, ethnicity, or national origin of a suspect rather than on the behavior of that individual or on information that identifies the individual as being, or having been,
engaged in criminal activity. a. Religious
b. Ethnic
c. Racial
d. Biased
c
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What does the Posse Comitatus Act state?
A. Police cannot carry semi-automatic weapons B. Military personnel cannot engage in local law enforcement activities C. Police are required to patrol in groups of at least two at all times D. Military personnel must train paramilitary police units
According to the author, the tendency to ignore contrary evidence or overstate existing evidence when investigators believe they have identified the guilty party is a practice of:
a. all investigators b. prejudiced or racist investigators c. ethical formalists d. utilitarian ends-oriented investigators
In the legalistic style of policing, administrators prefer ______.
a. lower-class officers with low levels of education b. middle-class officers with high school educations c. middle-class officers with higher education experience d. upper-class officers with graduate degrees
According to Skolnick and Fyfe (1993), when the mere presence of police produces the desired outcome and use of force becomes irrelevant, this is known as:
a. Presence b. Persuasive verbalization c. Command verbalization d. Firm grips