The nurse is caring for an older client who is experiencing sleep deprivation due to a prolonged stay in intensive care. Which manifestation is the nurse most likely to observe in this client?
1. Constant fatigue
2. Gustatory hallucinations
3. Increased activity
4. Need for repeated instructions
4. Need for repeated instructions
Explanation: 1. Daytime fatigue is more likely in the client with sleep deprivation.
2. The client who is deprived of sleep may experience visual or auditory hallucinations.
3. The client may be more irritable, but this doesn't translate to increased activity. Smell-related hallucinations are less likely.
4. Learning and memory are severely impaired in the client with a lack of sleep, particularly in ICU-associated delirium.
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