Although all of the following represent poor transfer techniques, which is most likely to result in a shearing injury to the skin of an older adult client?
1. Only one staff member positioning an immobile client
2. Allowing the heels to be dragged as the client is being positioned
3. Failing to lower the head of the bed before moving the client upward
4. Neglecting to use a lift sheet when moving the client to the head of the bed
ANS: 3
Shear is the force exerted parallel to skin resulting from both gravity pushing down on the body and resistance (friction) between the client and a surface. The remaining options result in friction damage to the client's skin.
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