The restriction enzyme SmaI cuts DNA at the 6-base recognition sequence 5'-CCCGGG-3'. Calculate the frequency of occurrence of this sequence. (Assume a 50% GC content.)
What will be an ideal response?
Assuming a 1:1 AT:CG ratio in the genome and a random distribution of nucleotides, each nucleotide pair will occur with equal frequency ( ). The 6-nucleotide sequence would then occur with a frequency of ( )6, 0.00024, cutting once in every 4,096 base pairs.
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While innate immunity is ancient and universal amongst animals, the adaptive immune system is generally considered to be unique to the vertebrates. However, some researchers have suggested, with much controversy, that invertebrates may have a form of adaptive immunity as well. What sort of evidence would be required to fully demonstrate such a claim? (Check all that apply.)
_____ B and T cells _____ CD4 receptors _____ efficacy of vaccination _____ highly variable molecules that can bind various antigens _____ identified cells that are necessary to provide acquired immunity _____ immunoglobulin molecules _____ resistance upon second exposure to a pathogen _____ specific resistance to one strain but not another after exposure _____ thymus gland _____ Toll-like receptors
How are DNA and RNA similar?
a. They are both comprised of long chains of nucleotides. b. They are both comprised of deoxyribonucleic acid. c. They are both comprised of long chains of glucose. d. None of the above.
Charles Darwin advocated a theory of evolution that involved individuals acquiring useful characteristics during their lifetimes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which foods or food ingredients are regulated by the FDA to ensure food safety?
A) vitamin tablets B) cheese C) sirloin steaks D) chicken wings