The perinatal nurse knows that a cephalic presentation has which of the following advantages to the woman in labor? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Fetal skull bones have the ability to mold during birth.
B.
The largest part of the fetus is presenting first.
C.
The presenting part may not totally cover the cervix.
D.
The shape of the fetal head is optimal for cervical dilatation.
E.
The top of the fetal head assists with cervical effacement.
ANS: A, B, D
The following advantages are associated with a cephalic presentation: the fetal head is usually the largest part of the infant and after the fetal head is born, the rest of the body usually delivers without complications; the fetal head is capable of molding and there is sufficient time during labor and descent for molding of the fetal head to occur; molding helps the fetus to maneuver through the maternal birth passage; and the fetal head is smooth and round, which is the optimal shape to apply pressure to the cervix and to aid in dilation. Breech or malpresentations can lead to umbilical cord prolapse because the presenting part (e.g., a foot) may not totally cover the cervix. The presenting part does not influence effacement.
You might also like to view...
A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of trisomy. This patient has three number 21 chromosomes. What factor describes this genetic change?
A) The mother also has genetic mutation of chromosome 21. B) The patient has a nondisjunction occurring during meiosis. C) During meiosis a reduction of chromosomes results in 23. D) The patient will have a single X chromosome and infertility.
A nurse is getting ready to discharge a patient who has a problem with physical mobility. What does the nurse need to do before discontinuing the patient's plan of care?
a. Determine whether the patient has transportation to get home. b. Evaluate whether patient goals and outcomes have been met. c. Establish whether the patient has a follow-up appointment scheduled. d. Ensure that the patient's prescriptions have been filled to take home.
A physical therapist (PT) places a gait belt on a client and is assisting them with ambulation from the bed to the chair. As they get up out of the bed, they report being dizzy and begin to fall. The PT carefully allows them to fall back to the bed and notifies the primary nurse. Which written documentation should the nurse put in the client's record?
A) Client experienced orthostatic hypotension when getting out of bed. B) PT reported client complained of dizziness when getting out of bed, and gait belt was used to allow client to fall back onto the bed. C) PT notified the primary nurse that the client could not ambulate at this time because of dizziness. D) Client had difficulty ambulating from the bed to the chair when accompanied by the PT, variance report completed.
A patient required pupil dilation with a mydriatic drug. The nurse would provide which discharge instruction?
1. "You may notice periods of blurry vision for several days." 2. "Wear sunglasses while you are outside." 3. "Do not drive until this drug wears off." 4. "Do not eat for at least 8 hours." 5. "Check the size of your pupils at least every hour until they have normal size."