In his learned optimism theory, Seligman (2011) emphasizes which factor in explaining whether or not a person becomes an optimist?
a. thinking patterns regarding future events that are displayed by significant role models
b. reinforcement value of negative and positive events experienced
c. habitual ways of explaining why events occur in one’s life
d. thinking patterns regarding current events that are displayed by significant role models
Ans: C
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What type of intelligence allows some people to acquire the ability to relate to others, understand what others are experiencing, and respond to the needs of others?
A. intellectual intelligence B. academic intelligence C. virtual intelligence D. emotional intelligence
In later years, Kohlberg removed stage 6 from his theory of moral development in recognition of which issues?
a. The finding that universal ethical principles are understood at stage 4, not at stage 6 b. That stage 6 may reflect specifically Western cultural influences c. There was no accurate way of assessing thinking in stage 6 d. His acknowledgment that stage 6 did not exist equally for men and women.
Four-year-old Aaron has been asleep for a little over an hour when his mother hears him scream out. When she gets to his bedroom, little Aaron is sitting up in bed in a state of panic. When his mother attempts to console him, she notes that his pajamas are drenched in sweat, and he is only semi-awake. After this episode, Aaron goes back to sleep. His mother is surprised the next morning that
Aaron only vaguely remembers his mother coming into the room. Aaron most likely experienced a. a nightmare. b. a night terror. c. sleep apnea. d. narcolepsy.
Consider the following statement: "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces a negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." This statement illustrates which one of the following ways of knowing?
a. science b. authority c. common sense d. logic