Respiratory disorders associated with hypoventilation and retention of carbon dioxide lead to which acid–base imbalance?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis
ANS: A
Patients who are hypoventilating retain carbon dioxide, which combines with water in the body to form carbonic acid. Because the cause is respiratory, it is a respiratory acidosis, not a metabolic problem.
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