Research stimulated by Vygotsky's theory reveals that
A) heredity and brain growth contribute significantly to social development.
B) the stages of cognitive development are universal.
C) children in every culture develop unique strengths.
D) adults begin to encourage culturally valued skills as soon as children begin school.
Answer: C
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Giselle is three weeks old and during a diaper change she looks up at her mother and smiles. Her mother gets very excited and immediately tells her husband, Chin, what happened. Since Chin has read your textbook, he thinks to himself: a. Giselle is smiling as a result of operant conditioning, not as a result of an emotional state
b. This was a paradoxical smile, as children at this age will frequently demonstrate the wrong facial expressions based on the emotion they are currently experiencing. c. Giselle already recognizes her mother and feels joy when she is nearby. d. It is way too early for Giselle to be experiencing a social smile.
Which of the following is defined by implicit theories about the determinants of success and failure?
a. quotas b. mindsets c. intelligence testing d. estimated learning potentials
Which approach has probably generated the least empirical research in psychology?
A. Biological B. Behavioral/social learning C. Humanistic D. Trait
Cialdini and colleagues (1975) found that students who were first asked to volunteer for two years, and then asked to volunteer for a two hour trip to the zoo with juvenile delinquents were significantly more likely to agree to the zoo, request than were students just asked to do the zoo trip. They labeled this the:
a. foot-in-the-door effect b. low balling c. social conformity d. door-in-the-face effect