Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between extracurricular activities and effective schools?
a. A well-developed and comprehensive extracurricular program is one of the characteristics of an effective school.
b. Schools that are academically effective de-emphasize extracurricular activities, because extracurricular activities tend to detract from the academic orientation of the school.
c. Effective schools emphasize extracurricular activities that are academically related (such as an astronomy club or debate team), but they de-emphasize athletics.
d. Effective schools for at-risk students emphasize extracurricular activities, but effective schools for students who are not at risk de-emphasize extracurricular activities.
a
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You have one infant in your group who constantly bangs her toys on the table and drops them to the floor and begins fussing for you to retrieve them for her. The knowledgeable early childhood educator would
a. recognize this is an attention-getting behavior that can best be handled by ignoring it. b. understand these behaviors are developmentally appropriate for the sensorimotor stage and be tolerant of the banging, dropping, and retrieving routine. c. gently remove the toys as soon as the banging and dropping begin in order to extinguish the behaviors. d. provide different toys as this behavior indicates boredom.
A teacher wants to encourage her students to work cooperatively with one another as they study classroom subject matter. Which one of the following strategies reflects the principle that some antecedent stimuli tend to elicit certain kinds of responses?
A) Praise students after they cooperate with one another. B) Use mild punishment with students who are not working cooperatively with one another. C) Say "I like how Sally and John are helping one another today" loudly enough that other students can hear. D) Provide instructional materials that students can use only by working together.
The results of a study showed that students who were taught to use the SQ3R method scored higher on a social studies test than students who were not exposed to this method. Which of the following describes the results in terms of the null hypothesis?
a) The researcher rejected the null hypothesis. b) The researcher failed to reject the null hypothesis. c) The researcher retested the null hypothesis to confirm the original findings. d) The researcher proved the null hypothesis was true.
A naturally occurring reaction to a stimulus is
a. a conditioned stimulus. b. an unconditioned stimulus. c. a conditioned response. d. an unconditioned response.