What are the three broad types of audit procedures? What is the purpose of each test?


Risk assessment procedures. Procedures performed by the auditor to obtain information for identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements whether due to error or fraud. Risk assessment procedures by themselves do not provide sufficient appropriate evidence on which to base an audit opinion, but are used for purposes of planning the audit.
Tests of controls. Audit procedures designed to evaluate the operating effectiveness of controls in preventing, or detecting and correcting, material misstatements, typically at the assertion level.
Substantive procedures. Audit procedures designed to detect material misstatements in accounts which include tests of details and substantive analytical procedures.

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Existence of gray markets leads to which of the following outcomes?

A) They make the distribution channel stronger. B) They create a free-rider problem making legitimate distributors' investments in supporting a manufacturer's product less productive. C) Goods sold in grey markets are always counterfeit. D) Goods sold in grey markets come with standard product warranties. E) Taxes imposed on grey market products are very high.

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The U.S. avoids trade barriers on imports in support of free trade principles.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

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What is a fixed-period system?

What will be an ideal response?

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"The probability of event B, given that event A has occurred" is known as a ________ probability

A) continuous B) marginal C) simple D) joint E) conditional

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