Which of the following is true about the level of significance? The level of significance:
a. ensures that findings will be correct 95% of the time if an alpha value of less than 0.05 is used.
b. refers to a statistic calculated during computer analysis of data.
c. represents the probability of getting a calculated statistic as high as the one found in the study if the null hypothesis is really true.
d. represents the risk the researcher is willing to take in making a Type I error and is established before data are analyzed.
ANS: D
A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected, though it is actually true. The level of significance is the cutoff point selected by the researcher before data collection that indicates the probability of a true significant difference between groups.
It is the likelihood of correct findings, but cannot ensure that they actually are correct.
A "p value" is calculated by the computer, but this is compared to the level of significance determined acceptable by the researcher.
It actually has to do with making a Type I error. A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected, though it is actually true.
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