Rudy just turned 17 and has begun to hang with a bad crowd who take drugs and cause mayhem. His parents react by taking away his cell phone and treating him in a less supportive manner. Which family systems model is best exemplified by Rudy's parent's reaction?
A. Social learning
B. Parent effects
C. Indirect effect
D. Child effects
Answer: D
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According to Vygotsky, people in Western cultures rely heavily on __________ to teach children practical skills, whereas people in traditional societies use __________ to teach practical skills.
A. intelligent guides; demonstrations B. verbal instructions; observation and demonstration C. observation and demonstration; intelligent guides D. verbal instructions; schemes
Behaviorists explain language acquisition in children as a process involving ____ of sounds in the parent's language and ____ of foreign sounds
a. extinction? reinforcement b. reinforcement? extinction c. reinforcement? shaping d. shaping? extinction
Rats drink a saccharin solution and then are injected with something that makes them slightly ill. They learn to avoid the saccharin solution. What is unusual about this type of learning?
a. Rats show no sign of learning until the taste-illness pairing has been repeated dozens of times. b. Rats learn even if the taste and illness are separated by hours. c. Rats show no indication of either stimulus generalization nor discrimination in this type of learning. d. Rats forget this type of learning unless they receive daily practice.
Having a high IQ
a. guarantees success, while a lower IQ guarantees failure. b. guarantees failure, while a lower IQ guarantees success. c. reveals potential. d. predicts mental instability.