When oral thrush, recurrent vaginal yeast infections, or skin disorders appear in the HIV-positive patient, the nurse assesses this as:
a. AIDS.
b. invasion of primary pathogens.
c. a sign of a failing immune system.
d. retrovirus infection.
C
Sentinel infections are opportunistic infections that may indicate underlying immunosuppression in the HIV-infected patient. It is not a definitive sign that AIDS has occurred, nor are these clas-sified as primary pathogens. HIV is a retrovirus that incorporates itself into the genetic material of the host cells it infects, thus altering the DNA.
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A nurse manager who is self-confident, committed, and ambitious is implementing which leadership theory as a guide to her own personal governance style?
a. Behavioral theory b. Contingency theory c. The task versus relationship theory d. Trait theory
A newly admitted hospice client tells the nurse "I am dying, but I am still living. I want to be in
control as long as I possibly can be.". A reply that indicates the nurse was actively listening is a. "Our staff will do the best they can to make you feel comfortable.". b. "Most people do not know what to do to help. Try not to be hard on them.". c. "You want people to stop focusing exclusively on your weaknesses.". d. "Your mind and spirit are healthy, although your body is weak.".
A patient with immunosuppression who is hospitalized is best protected from infection with which of the following interventions?
A) Reverse isolation B) Mouth care C) Contact precautions D) Adequate nutrition
What pathologic process is believed to be responsible for the development of postinfectious glomerulonephritis?
a. Infarction of renal vessels b. Immune complex formation and glomerular deposition c. Bacterial endotoxin deposition on and destruction of glomeruli d. Embolization of glomeruli by bacteria and fibrin from endocardial vegetation