In this method of White House staff organization, used by Carter, cabinet secretaries and assistants reported directly to the president.
A. Ad hoc structure
B. Pyramid structure
C. Circular structure
D. Tubular structure
E. Intuitive structure
Answer: C
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The "Gang of Four" refers to
a. a group of radicals who sought to succeed Mao but ultimately lost to the moderates led by Deng Xiaoping. b. the top positions in the Chinese Communist Party. c. the advisors to Deng Xiaoping who advocated the use of force against demonstrators in Tiananmen Square. d. Mao's term for the four great enemies of China—Taiwan, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Great Britain. e. the top positions in the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government.
The best dependent variable is defined by which of the following characteristics?
a) independent of any other variable in the same study b) sensitive to changes in the treatment c) can be manipulated by the researcher d) interacts with the independent variable
Which of the following statements about the history of interest groups in the United States is LEAST accurate?
A. In the late nineteenth century, many farmers reacted against economic change by joining interest groups such as the Grange. B. Before the Civil War, abolitionists created societies intended to pressure the government into adopting antislavery legislation. C. The creation of a national railroad system went hand-in-hand with the emergence of lobbyists seeking government perks and favorable legislation. D. Although nineteenth-century women participated in campaigns for moral reform, they did not pursue a greater political role. E. The power and prominence of interest groups developed partly in response to the declining organizational strength of traditional political parties.
In a semi-presidential regime, who is the primary political actor during periods of cohabitation?
A. the president and the prime minister B. the prime minister and the cabinet C. the cabinet and the president D. the cabinet and the people