Travis has been training his puppy, Belle, to sit by the back door and bark when she wants to go outside and "do her business." First, Travis let her out, provided her with tons of praise, and gave her a treat (all presumed reinforcers) if she sat by the back door and then when outside and urinated. Then, Travis withheld reinforcement for this behavior and provided the reinforcers only if she sat
by the door and made a small noise (i.e., a whine). Now that she does that well, Travis is withholding reinforcement for that behavior and only providing the reinforcers if she sits by the door and makes a bark. What has Travis been doing?
a. Shaping sitting by the door and barking when Belle has to urinate.
b. Using differential reinforcement to teach Belle to sit by the door and bark when she has to urinate.
c. Using backward chaining to teach Belle to sit by the door and bark when she has to urinate.
d. A & B
e. B & C
D
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During a parent meeting, Deborah is surprised when the parents of a child become defensive. The child, Devon, is a high achiever but disruptive during class, and Deborah felt that she was careful to stress the positive as well as the negative about Devon's behavior. What advice would be best to give Deborah regarding her next meeting with the parents?
a. Invite them to join school activities. The parents will then see Devon's behavior first-hand and can help to address it. b. Advise the parents about resources that may help Devon learn to behave better in class. The parents may need to be reminded that a teacher is a good resource for them. c. Be careful not to place blame. The parents may see Devon's disruptive behavior as normal, or they may see it as suggestive that they are not good parents. d. Talk to the parents about how they punish Devon when she misbehaves. The parents may not be using the best parenting strategies to address this type of behavior.
A set of individuals who have suffered an insult to the brain caused by an external physical force and need special education and related services are identified as:
a. Learning disabled b. Mental retardation c. Traumatic brain injury d. Emotional disturbed
Logic models can be conceptual, as a program is in development, or actual after it has been operating for a period of time.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Explain three main instructional strategies associated with teaching students fluency skills
What will be an ideal response?