The nurse is preparing an educational session on the importance of high-risk populations receiving an annual influenza vaccination. Which clients are considered high-risk for developing complications from the flu?
Select all that apply.
A) A 25-year-old pregnant woman at 20 weeks' gestation
B) A 65-year-old woman
C) A 3-year-old with cystic fibrosis
D) A 35-year-old man with a severe allergy to eggs
E) A 20-year-old healthcare worker
Answer: A, B, C, E
Pregnant women, particularly during the second and third trimesters, are at increased risk of complications. People at increased risk of influenza or its complications include infants, young children, and anyone age 50 or older. Patients with chronic disorders, especially diabetes and cardiac, renal, or pulmonary diseases, are more susceptible as well. The annual flu vaccination is recommended for all healthcare workers. A 35-year-old man with a severe allergy to eggs should not get a flu shot, because the vaccine contains eggs and it is not recommended.
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A) Prednisone therapy results in destruction of the adrenal medulla, thereby decreasing corticotropin releasing hormone. B) Prednisone therapy can lead to significant toxicity, resulting in dehydration, fever, and hyponatremia. C) Prednisone therapy increases cortisol and decreases adrenocorticotropic hormone via negative feedback principles. D) Prednisone therapy increases sodium and water resorption and potassium and hydrogen excretion.
The chain of infection involves:
a. infectious agent in sufficient numbers. b. mode of transmission and mode of entry. c. a susceptible host. d. all of the above.
The infant mortality rate is defined as:
a. the number of infant deaths in a calendar year per 100 live births in that year. b. the number of infant deaths in a calendar year per 1000 live births in that year. c. the number of infant deaths in a calendar year per 10,000 live births in that year. d. the number of infant deaths in a calendar year per 100,000 live births in a year.
A nurse takes an adult patient's blood pressure and determines it to be normal. What reading did the nurse obtain?
a. Systolic pressure between 140 and 150 mm Hg b. Systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mm Hg c. Systolic pressure less than 100 mm Hg re-gardless of diastolic pressure d. Systolic pressure greater than 140 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 100 mm Hg