Discuss four risk factors that have been associated with reduced mental abilities in children. How, in contrast, can a stimulating environment promote mental performance?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points:
• Risk factors associated with reduced mental ability are:
? Poor prenatal care, including maternal drug use during pregnancy
? Malnutrition
? Exposure to toxins such as lead
? Stressful family circumstances, such as having a father who does not live with the family; a mother with a history of mental illness; parents with limited work skills; and a history of stressful events such as domestic violence early in life
• A healthy and stimulating environment can raise mental performance. For example, inner-city children who got lots of mental enrichment at home and in child care or school, starting in infancy, had much better school achievement than did children in a control group.
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One of the more unique reactions of adolescents who experience the death of a sibling involves the
a. great disruption it has on their overall normative development b. fact that it tends to increase the negative feelings they have toward their deceased sibling. c. lack of emotional trauma. d. reluctance to discuss their grief.
An art instructor wants to teach students how to portray emotions when drawing faces. The instructor would be wise to concentrate on
a. pleasantness-unpleasantness, attention-rejection, and activation. b. subjective feelings and physiological reactions. c. indicators of emotion measured by the polygraph. d. the size of the pupils and parasympathetic reactions.
When a person makes people uncomfortable by making them feel threatened or the person acts in a way that interferes with his or her well-being, is an what indicator of abnormality?
What will be an ideal response?
When jurors think rationally about the evidence, they tend to become more lenient toward criminal suspects because they are alerted to possible reliability issues with the evidence.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)