A client reports, "My friend panicked at the site of spiders. Her therapist used gradual exposure to spiders that initially made her increasingly more anxious." Which technique was the friend's therapist most likely using?
A. Extinction
B. Covert sensitization
C. Systematic desensitization
D. Reciprocal inhibition
ANS: C
Systematic desensitization is a treatment for phobias in which a phobic individual is gradually exposed to increasing amounts of the phobic stimulus while practicing relaxation techniques. Eventually, the phobic stimulus causes little or no anxiety.
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The nurse is aware that an activity that will help delay muscle atrophy for a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is:
a. Progressive weight lifting b. Riding a seesaw c. Swimming d. Working on a trampoline
What are the causes of dyspnea?
a. Decreased pH, increased partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) b. Decreased blood flow to the medulla oblongata c. Stimulation of stretch or J-receptors d. Presence of anxiety e. Presence of pain
The maternal medical condition that predisposes the fetus to a heart block is
A. Lupus erythematosus B. Marfan's disease C. Mitral valve prolapse
A patient has a living will and gives it to the nurse to follow. The patient says, "Do not tell my family about the living will." Which of these actions should the nurse take?
a. Encourage the patient to discuss the living will with the family. b. Assure the patient that the nurse will not tell anyone. c. Send a copy of the living will to medical records. d. Return the living will to the patient until the family is informed.