In 1964, in Malloy v. Hogan, the U.S. Supreme Court made the Self-Incrimination Clause of the Fifth Amendment applicable to __________________

a. federal courts
b. state criminal prosecutions
c. international tribunals
d. Congressional investigations


Answer: B

Criminal Justice

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A Special Needs Parole Program in Texas has been implemented to provide for early parole review for those offenders requiring 24-hour care

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Desistance-based rehabilitation refers to:

1. Desistance-based rehabilitation refers to: a. the finding that offenders continually commit crime throughout their life but are less likely to be caught b. the finding that, eventually, almost all offenders stop breaking the law c. the finding that offenders only stop committing crime once they have received a specialized treatment d. the finding that offenders need to be institutionalized before they stop breaking the law

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Compare the pains of electronic monitoring for white-collar offenders with those experienced by white- collar offenders who are incarcerated in prison. Which would you consider to be more serious? Why?

What will be an ideal response?

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According to social disorganization theory, which one is not included in the structural factors influencing social disorganization in communities?

a. residential mobility b. ethnic heterogeneity c. convergence of motivated offenders, suitable targets, and an absence of guardianship in time and space d. low economic status

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