Active transport mechanisms
a. in roots regulate what solutes enter the plant.
b. in leaves help control water loss.
c. operate in animal kidneys and neurons.
d. do all of these.
e. do none of these.
Answer: d
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Most protein synthesis ____
a. takes place on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum b. takes place inside the smooth endoplasmic reticulum c. takes place inside the nucleus of the cell d. relies on mitochondria to supply the amino acids necessary e. is carried out by ribosomes on the Golgi compl
The average molecular weight of the 20 standard amino acids is 138, but biochemists use 110 when estimating the number of amino acids in a protein of known molecular weight. Why?
A) The number 110 is based on the fact that the average molecular weight of a protein is 110,000 with an average of 1,000 amino acids. B) The number 110 reflects the higher proportion of small amino acids in proteins, as well as the loss of water when the peptide bond forms. C) The number 110 reflects the number of amino acids found in the typical small protein, and only small proteins have their molecular weight estimated this way. D) The number 110 takes into account the relatively small size of nonstandard amino acids. E) The number 138 represents the molecular weight of conjugated amino acids.
Which of the following is an overgrowth of cells that serves no useful purpose?
A. oncogene B. tumor C. growth D. proto-oncogene E. callus
Which of the following is a case of parent-offspring conflict?
a. any amount of brood care that reduces a parent's direct fitness b. any brood care that maximizes an offspring's inclusive fitness c. any diversion of brood care from present to future offspring d. none of the above