In a 1976 study, Kunz and Woolcott sent Christmas cards to a sample of complete strangers. According to the rule of reciprocation, what would we expect the majority of the recipients to do?
(a) Send a Christmas card to the researchers.
(b) Contact the researchers to find out who sent the card.
(c) Return the card to the researchers, since it must have been misaddressed.
(d) Throw out the cards and not send anything to the researchers.
ANSWER: A
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Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior results in , and negative reinforcement occurs when a behavior results in
a. a pleasant event; the removal of an unpleasant event b. punishment; reward c. a pleasant outcome; a reward for bad behavior d. escape; punishment
Concerning the Minnesota reunited twin studies, which of the following aspects of their lives is more likely to be due to genetic similarities than to living in the same historical time period?
a. Both twins like banana splits and cheeseburgers. b. Both twins are Democrats. c. Both twins have a nervous tic, like nail biting. d. Both twins joined the National Guard.
Morgan is an overweight child. Which of the following is true?
a. Morgan will outgrow his/her baby fat in early childhood. b. Morgan will likely become an overweight adult. c. Morgan will become normal weight but not until adolescence. d. Whether or not Morgan will become an overweight adult depends upon whether Morgan is male or female.
Developmental psychologists believe that each phase of life has both gains and losses, including late adulthood
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.