The nurse is caring for an older patient diagnosed with melanoma of the nail. What might the nurse find during the physical assessment? Select correct answer.
1. Decreased skin thickness around the nail beds.
2. A sore, rough, scaly, reddened papule around the nails.
3. A longitudinal pigmented band.
4. Indurated scaly plaques, papules, or nodules near the nail bed.
3. A longitudinal pigmented band.
Explanation: 1. This is a normal age related finding.
2. Erythematous actinic keratosis appears as a sore, rough, scaly, reddened papule or plaque and is not indicative of melanoma of the nail.
3. A longitudinal pigmented band is indicative of melanoma of the nail.
4. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin originates in the higher levels of the epidermis. It appears as flesh-colored to erythematous, indurated scaly plaques, papules, or nodules and may have ulceration or erosions in the center
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The family is considering withdrawing life-sustaining measures from the patient. The nurse knows that ethical principles for withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments include which of the following?
a. Any treatment may be withdrawn and withheld, including nutrition, antibiotics, and blood products. b. Doses of analgesic and anxiolytic medications must be adjusted carefully and should not exceed usual recommended limits. c. Life-sustaining treatments may be withdrawn while a patient is receiving paralytic agents. d. The goal of withdrawal and withholding of treatments is to hasten death and thus relieve suffering.
The most common causes of dysrhythmias are: (Select all that apply.)
a. electrolyte imbalance e. coronary artery dis-ease (CAD) b. myocardial infarction f. fatigue c. heart failure g. malnutrition d. drug toxicity
What activity would most likely promote a positive feeling of well-being in a graduate nurse about 6 months after employment?
a. Have a group of staff nurses over for a party. b. Participate in hospital-sponsored programs for community health. c. Spend some time with an old friend who is in the middle of a divorce. d. Get involved in a new hobby and attend social gatherings to meet new people.
The rationale for using beta blocker therapy in treating a patient with HF is to:
a. increase myocardial contractility b. reduce the effects of circulating catecholamines c. relieve concomitant angina d. stabilize cardiac rhythm