Discuss the opposing views of Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Gallaudet with regard to instruction and communication of individuals with significant hearing loss.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Bell’s position centered on the issue of segregation in policy and practice. He believed that the manual philosophy, particularly in residential schools, as well as the use of sign language, fostered segregation of individuals with significant hearing impairments from the mainstream of society. Bell proposed a number of radical pieces of legislations that would:
• eliminate residential schools
• ban the use of manual communication in any form
• legislate that no adult with a significant hearing impairment could become a teacher of the deaf
• forbid two adults with significant hearing impairments to marry
Edward Gallaudet strongly opposed Bell’s positions from both a moral and methodological point of view. He believes that those who used the manual method:
• could learn when expectations were appropriately high
• would not feel isolated from society
• could and would participate in general life activities
• would benefit socially by having friends with common interests
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