Drusen, which are findings consistent with the normal aging process, are characterized by which of the following?
a. fluffy, white areas that are patchy in shape appearing on the retina
b. small, hard, yellow exudates with distinct borders arranged in round, linear, or star-shaped patterns
c. small white dots arranged in an irregular pattern that may become shiny with calcification
d. tiny red dots seen in peripheral and macular areas of the retina
C
Drusen are findings of the normal aging process. They are small white dots in the fundus of the retina that are arranged in an irregular pattern. They can also occur on the optic disk and may become shiny with calcification. Drusen can cause loss of vision if they occur in the macular region. Cotton wool spots are fluffy, white areas that appear on the retina and represent microscopic infarcts of the nerve fiber layer resulting from diabetic retinopathy. Small, hard, yellow exudates with distinct borders arranged in round, linear, or star-shaped patterns are associated with diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Tiny red dots seen in peripheral and macular areas of the retina are associated with diabetic retinopathy.
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