A patient who has been prescribed lovastatin (Mevacor) asks the nurse why all urine must be saved for intake and output measurements. What is the nurse's best response?
a. "All patients on this unit have orders for strict intake and output measurements."
b. "Intake and output measurements are important indicators of how well your kid-neys are functioning."
c. "A side effect of this drug can be blockage of urine flow through the kidneys and decreased urine output."
d. "Sometimes this drug can cause the kidneys to make extra urine resulting in in-creased urine output and dehydration."
C
Renal failure can occur if rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown) happens as an adverse effect of statin drugs. The protein released from broken-down muscle can block urine flow through the kidneys leading to decreased urine output. Telling the patient that intake and output measurement is an important assessment of kidney function is essentially correct, but it does not fully address the patient's question.
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The mother of a preadolescent client is concerned because the client often reports non-specific "bone pain." Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
A) "Bone pain in children is caused from the pulling of muscles when bones grow quickly." B) "The child needs to rest more when the bones hurt." C) "Non-specific bone pain means there is a disease process somewhere else in the body." D) "It is a symptom that needs further investigation and will be reported to the physician."
While hospitalized a client develops a new problem. Which behaviors should the nurse use to demonstrate critical thinking during this client's assessment? (Select all that apply.)
1. Nursing habits 2. Clinical skills 3. Cognitive knowledge 4. Assumptions 5. Goal-directed thinking
The nursing faculty asks the nursing student: "What is the proposed reason that Nightingale chose to become a nurse?" Which response, made by the student, reflects the best understanding of Nightingale?
1. "She was from a poor family and needed to find a way to make a living." 2. "She wanted to diminish the suffering of the helpless." 3. "She wanted to provide care to the sick in hospitals." 4. "She wanted to go to the Crimea to nurse wounded soldiers."
Which statement regarding acid-base homeostasis is true?
A. In the renal tubules, when hydrogen ions are excreted, bicarbonate ions are reab-sorbed. B. The central chemoreceptors are very sensitive to changes in arterial oxygen con-centration. C. At the level of the alveolar capillary membrane, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged evenly. D. The first line of defense against major changes in blood pH is the renal control of hydrogen ion reabsorption and excretion.