Refer to Exhibit 2-2. The effect of teacher approval on students' attentive behavior.

a. an independent variable.
b. a dependent variable.
c. a variable but impossible to determine whether a or b.


B

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What is seriation? Describe and give an example

What will be an ideal response?

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Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each of the four objective test formats

What will be an ideal response?

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Which of the following situations illustrates sustaining expectation effect?

a. Ross made good grades in math and rarely struggled with math concepts until he got into calculus. He expected to continue making top scores without studying. b. Carmen's third grade teacher made science exciting and fun. Carmen expected to keep loving science and said she wanted to be a scientist, but her fourth grade teacher made science seem boring. Carmen's expectations changed. c. Mrs. Gromberg has been teaching for seven years. Her students always do well on the state tests, and she expects them to make the highest scores in the district. This year her students met her expectations. d. Megan usually makes low grades in math, but she actually understands fractions. On the fractions unit, she made one of the highest scores, but the teacher thought it was a fluke and wondered whether Megan cheated. Megan didn't try very hard on the next unit.

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Which of James Banks’ approaches to integrating ethnic content appears easiest to accomplish?

a. Transformation b. Contributions c. Additive d. Social action

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