A patient has a colostomy in the descending (sigmoid) colon and wishes to control bowel evacuation and possibly stop wearing an ostomy pouch. To help achieve this goal, nurse should teach the patient to:
1) Call the primary care provider if the stoma becomes pale, dusky, or black.
2) Limit the intake of gas-forming foods such as cabbage, onions, and fish.
3) Irrigate the stoma to produce a bowel movement on a schedule.
4) Avoid returning to the use of an ostomy appliance if he becomes ill.
ANS: 3
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