When a drug is said to increase the force of contraction of the heart muscle, the nurse appropriately uses what term?
A) Positive chronotropic
B) Positive inotropic
C) Negative inotropic
D) Negative dromotropic
B
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Sympathetic stimulation causes an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and rate and depth of respirations, as well as a positive inotropic effect (increased force of contraction) on the heart and an increase in blood volume (through the release of aldosterone). A negative inotropic effect would be one that decreased the force of a contraction. A negative dromotropic effect is one that slows the conduction of the impulse through the atrioventricular node. A positive chronotropic effect is one that increases the heart rate.
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The nurse has observed a number of behaviors in the client that indicate that stress management is needed. The behavior the nurse did not observe was:
1. Increased tendency to feel frustrated. 2. Verbalization of feelings. 3. Loss of objectivity. 4. Unnecessary risk-taking.
What agents are used primarily to treat cardiac-related conditions? (Select all that apply.)
A) Nonselective adrenergic blocking agents B) Nonselective alpha-adrenergic blocking agents C) Alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents D) Nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agents E) Beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agents
An elderly patient has hypertension and renal insufficiency secondary to nephrosclerosis. Which combination of medications would be the best?
a. An ACE inhibitor and a loop diuretic b. A beta blocker and an ACE inhibitor c. A thiazide diuretic and a loop diuretic d. An alpha blocker and a beta blocker
Normal pulse pressure of a blood pressure of 120/80 is:
A) 20 mm Hg. B) 40 mm Hg. C) 60 mm Hg. D) 80 mm Hg.