During the assessment of an older patient's integumentary status, the nurse notes small areas of hyperpigmentation on the patient's hands. What should the nurse consider as the cause of this finding?
1. hyperplasia of melanocytes in sun-exposed areas
2. reduced vitamin D production
3. decreased blood perfusion of the dermis
4. redistribution of adipose tissue
Correct Answer: 1
The nurse is noting "liver spots" or small areas of hyperpigmentation over the patient's hands. This is due to hyperplasia of melanocytes, especially in sun-exposed areas of the epidermis. Alterations in vitamin D production, reduced blood perfusion, and changes in adipose tissue are not associated with excessive pigmentation.
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