Which change in mental status is consistently seen in delirious individuals that differentiates it from dementia?
1. Apraxia
2. Disorientation to self
3. Clouding of consciousness
4. Impaired short-term memory
3
Rationale: People with delirium have fluctuating consciousness, but people with dementia are as attentive as they can be and do not have clouded consciousness until terminal stages. Impaired short-term memory is consistently seen in dementia. Apraxia is the loss of purposeful movement without loss of muscle power or coordination and may or may not be seen in delirium. Disorientation to self is seen in amnesiac disorders.
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