Penelope has been drinking coffee for the past ten years. She says she needs the caffeine to stay awake in her classes and simply get through the day. If she does not drink coffee on a particular day, she experiences severe headaches, fatigue, and shakiness. Penelope is most likely ____ dependent on caffeine and is experiencing ____
a. ?physically; drug withdrawal
b. ?physically; learned expectations
c. ?psychologically; drug withdrawal
d. ?psychologically; learned expectations
ANSWER:
a
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