Methanogenic Archaea may use ALL of the following substrates to create methane EXCEPT
a. carbon dioxide.
b. methanol.
c. pyruvate.
d. glucose.
Answer: D
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Drugs that are HIV protease inhibitors
A. prevent HIV protease from degrading host cell proteins. B. block the translation of HIV proteases. C. bind to HIV proteases. D. prevent HIV proteases from breaking apart capsid proteins. E. both bind to HIV proteases and prevent them from breaking apart capsid proteins.
Plants obtain carbon from:
a. water b. carbon dioxide c. sugar d. oxygen e. glucose
Which of the following are examples of molecular homologies? Select all that apply.
A. The lack of an IGF-1 gene in prokaryotes. B. The biochemical pathways for photosynthesis in plants and cellular respiration in animals. C. Similarities among in the metabolic process for the break down of glucose. D. Use of DNA as an information storage molecule. E. The biochemical pathways for cellular respiration in plants and animals.
Which of the following best describes how ATP synthase converts the potential energy of the proton gradient to the chemical energy of ATP?
A. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is converted to the kinetic energy of rotation of the F0 subunit; this is transferred to the F1 subunit and used to catalyze ATP synthesis. B. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit reduces the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to be oxidized to ATP. C. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit oxidizes the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to be reduced to ATP. D. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is stored in a new electrochemical gradient within the F0 subunit. The potential energy of the electrochemical gradient, in turn, is converted to kinetic energy in the F1 subunit and used to catalyze ATP synthesis. E. None of these answer options accurately describes how ATP synthase converts the potential energy of the proton gradient to the chemical energy of ATP.