A client is being monitored for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Using the Monro-Kellie hypothesis as a basis for explanation, the nurse makes which comment to the client's family?
1. "The pressure in the brain is increasing because the brain is swelling.".
2. "Increasing brain pressure decreases the amount of blood flow to the brain itself.".
3. "Because there is more pressure in the brain, the blood flow is also increasing.".
4. "There is nothing that can be done.".
2. "Increasing brain pressure decreases the amount of blood flow to the brain itself.".
Rationale:
The Monro-Kellie hypothesis states that a dynamic equilibrium exists among the three components (brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood) of the skull. A change in the volume of any component risks a decrease in the remaining components to maintain normal intracranial pressures.
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