How do additional amounts of aldosterone secreted by the kidneys raise blood pressure?
1. Excretion of sodium and chloride to retain water
2. Excretion of potassium and hydrogen to retain water
3. Decreasing sodium absorption, which increases blood volume
4. Enhanced sodium reabsorption, which increases blood volume
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Excretion of sodium and chloride does not cause retention of water to raise blood pressure.
Rationale 2: Excreting potassium and hydrogen does not cause retention of water to raise blood pressure.
Rationale 3: Increasing sodium absorption, not decreasing it, will raise blood volume.
Rationale 4: By enhancing sodium reabsorption, the body retains water, which increases blood volume and raises blood pressure.
Global Rationale: By enhancing sodium reabsorption, the body retains water, which increases blood volume and raises blood pressure. Excretion of sodium and chloride and the excretion of potassium and hydrogen do not cause retention of water to raise blood pressure. Increasing sodium absorption, not decreasing it, will raise blood volume.
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