This nurse is instructing a patient with chronic retention of carbon dioxide. Which of the following should be included in these instructs?
1. breathe into a paper bag if anxiety or restlessness occurs
2. eat a moderate fat, low-protein diet
3. decrease carbohydrate intake
4. limit the amount of fluids taken daily
3
Rationale: The patient should decrease carbohydrate intake. An increase in carbohydrates increases the overall carbon dioxide load in the body. Anxiety or restlessness may be a sign of hypoxia. Breathing into a paper bag will further elevate carbon dioxide levels and can lead to a deterioration of the patient's condition. A low-protein diet may weaken respiratory muscles and worsen the patient's condition. Adequate hydration will enhance mucus excretion.
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