Why do some experienced planners argue against labeling one planning scenario as "most likely" or "probable"?
A. Because it is better to assess more precise probabilities in contingencies
B. Because it does not provide a quantitative basis for differentiating this scenario from "optimistic, surprise–free, and pessimistic" labels
C. Because futurists have concluded that unlabeled scenarios are always better
D. Because program planners tend to develop strategy only for the most likely contingency
E. Because developing contingencies that have a low probability of happening is viewed by management as a waste of time.
D
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A(n)__________refers to the originator of a trade name, product, methods of operation, and the like that grants operating rights to another party to sell its product
Fill in the blanks with correct word.
A signature in the lower-right corner of a promissory note indicates that the signer is the maker of the note
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. As early as the 1940's, unionists argued that because workers perform their job tasks over and over they often have good ideas for improving productivity, increasing quality, and lowering costs. They predicted that management's failure to capitalize on this would ultimately restrict flexibility and have a negative impact on efficiency. 2. Like the U.S., other industrialized countries such as Germany and Japan have recently begun to recognize the importance of worker involvement in business decision-making. 3. Quality circles, gainsharing programs, and other types of joint labor-management committees focus largely on changing the way work has been organized under scientific management principles. 4. Lean production emphasizes just-in-time deliveries, smooth flow of materials, teamwork and continuous process improvement. 5. Whether high performance work practices result in improvements in company profitability is in part a function of how extensively they are incorporated into the organization: the greater their use, the greater the profits.
Changing labor utilization through varying work hours or number of employees is the goal of ____________________.
A. pay flexibility B. functional flexibility C. employment flexibility D. procedural flexibility