A 16-year-old patient presents with sore throat, cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, extreme fatigue, and left upper quadrant pain. The physical examination reveals splenomegaly. The clinician should recognize the probability of:
A. Bacterial endocarditis
B. Infectious mononucleosis
C. Pneumonia with pleural effusion
D. Pancreatic cancer
ANS: B
Hypersplenism is secondary to other primary disorders, most commonly cytopenic hematologic disorders, such as lymphoma, leukemia, thrombocytopenia, polycythemia, myelofibrosis, and haemolytic anemias. With the sore throat and cervical lymphadenopathy, infection due to Epstein-Barr virus is common in adolescents. Infectious mononucleosis is an important disorder to consider. Splenomegaly often occurs in infectious mononucleosis.
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