The astrology practiced by those who cast predictive horoscopes can be tested by
A) comparing how often the predictions come true to what would be expected by pure chance.
B) asking astrologers if it works.
C) polling people to find out what percentage believe their horoscopes to be accurate.
D) counting how many times the predictions come true.
A
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The time for one complete cycle of a periodic process to take place is called
a. amplitude b. frequency c. period d. wavelength e. speed
Work is a vector quantity
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Water flowing at a rate of 10 kg/s through 50 tubes double-pass shell and tube heat exchanger heats air that flows through the shell side. The length of the brass tubes is 6.7 m and they have an outside diameter of 2.6 cm and an inside diameter of 2.3 cm. The heat transfer coefficient of the water and air are 470 W/(m2 K) and 210 W/(m2 K), respectively. The air enters the shell at a temperature of 15°C and a flow rate of 16 kg/s. The temperature of the water as it enters the tubes is 75°C. Calculate (a) the heat exchanger effectiveness, (b) the heat transfer rate to the air, and (c) the outlet temperature of the air and water.
GIVEN
• Shell-and-tube heat exchanger - one shell, two tube passes
• Water in brass tubes, air in shell
• Water flow rate ( m w)= 10 kg/s
• Number of double passes (N) = 50
• Tube length (L) = 6.7 m
• Tube diameters
? Do = 2.6 cm = 0.026 m
? Di = 2.3 cm = 0.023 m
• Heat transfer coefficient
? Water ( )ih = 470 W/(m2 K)
? Air ( )oh = 210 W/(m2 K)
• Air inlet temperature (Ta,in) = 15°C
• Air flow rate ( m a)= 16 kg/s
• Water inlet temperature (Tw,in) = 75°C
FIND
(a) Effectiveness (e)
(b) The heat transfer rate (q)
(c) Outlet temperatures (Ta,out, Tw,out)
ASSUMPTIONS
• Tube length includes both passes
SKETCH
OPERTIES AND CONSTANTS
the specific heat of water at 75°C (cpw) = 4190 J/(kg K)
the specific heat of air at 15°C (cpa) = 1012 J/(kg K)
the thermal conductivity of brass (kb) = 111 W/(m K)
The "aspect ratio" of thickness to width of the Galactic disk is about
A) 1:2. B) 1:5. C) 1:10. D) 1:100. E) 1:1,000.