Compare and contrast the concepts of priming and subliminal perception. Describe the relationship between these two phenomena.
What will be an ideal response?
Subliminal perception occurs when information presented below a perceptual threshold-meaning that it is not registered in the conscious mind-is registered at a level below conscious awareness. Although research indicates that subliminal messages cannot make someone do something, it has shown that individuals shown subliminal presentations of positive word pairings were less sensitive to negative feedback. Priming occurs when a stimulus that has been presented earlier affects our response to a later stimulus. The earlier information primes an individual to interpret the later information differently. The main difference between priming and subliminal perception is that the priming stimulus is at a conscious level, whereas the subliminal stimulus is presented below the conscious level. Both of these phenomena have been found to affect how later information is processed. They are related in the sense that both priming and subliminal perception are used to affect how someone processes later information, but priming has more support in the literature.
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Three children have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Kim would rather listen to a machine buzzing than hear her mother's voice. Len prefers to be left alone. Matt needs physical contact with his mother all the time. Which of the children has/have symptoms that are common in autism spectrum disorder?
a. Kim and Len b. Matt only c. Kim only d. Len and Matt
Short-term memory storage is to ____ as long-term memory storage is to ____
a. ?semantic; emotional b. ?haptic; informational c. ?limited; unlimited d. ?hierarchical; acoustic
Jerome tried to please his parents by always being good, but whenever Jerome's older brother, Tom, misbehaved, their parents would punish both Tom and Jerome. Jerome soon stopped trying to please his parents because he didn't think it would make any difference. This change in Jerome's behavior is an example of
A. classical conditioning. B. vicarious experience. C. positive reinforcement. D. learned helplessness.
Jessica spends a lot of time thinking about the choices she has made in her life and the events she has witnessed. She is adjusting to decreasing strength and health, and she has made several lifestyle changes as a result. Jessica is most likely in the ________ period of development.
A. late adulthood B. early adulthood C. middle adulthood D. adolescence