Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with renal failure about antacid therapy for treatment of heartburn? (Select all that apply.)
a. Taking magnesium-based antacids prevents diarrhea.
b. Magnesium-based antacids are preferred for patients with renal failure.
c. Aluminum hydroxide antacids exacerbate constipation.
d. If the patient has coffee-ground emesis or bloody stools, the frequency of antacids should be doubled.
e. Antacids neutralize gastric acid.
ANS: C, E
Constipation is an adverse effect of aluminum-based antacids. Antacids lower the acidity of gastric secretions by neutralizing the acid. Magnesium has a laxative effect. Patients with renal failure should not use antacids containing magnesium. Hematemesis or hematochezia should be reported to the health care provider immediately.
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