A patient who gave up smoking recently began again. What might be an appropriate nursing intervention according to Prochaska's model?
1. Ask what the patient gets from smoking.
2. Teach the patient stress reduction strategies.
3. Discuss how smoking affects the lungs.
4. Bolster the patient's self-efficacy for managing barriers to change.
Answer: 2
Explanation: This patient has relapsed into resuming his smoking habit. According to the stages of change model, discussing other coping strategies is an appropriate nursing intervention for the patient experiencing relapse. By asking what the patient gets from smoking, the nurse is encouraging evaluation of the pros and cons of the behavior, an intervention appropriate for the contemplation stage. By discussing how smoking affects the lungs, the nurse is providing examples of how risk can affect the patient, an intervention that is appropriate in the pre-contemplation stage. Bolstering self-efficacy is an action stage intervention.
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