Vygotsky's zone of proximal development was:
a. the area in which children function best.
b. the space between where children function independently and where they need adult assistance.
c. the cognitive state they have achieved.
d. language.
B. The zone refers to the space between where children function independently and where they need adult assistance.
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The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system comprise the
a. central nervous system. b. peripheral nervous system. c. skeletal nervous system. d. afferent nervous system.
Commonly used medications:
a. never harm a developing fetus. b. should be taken after consultation with one's doctor. c. can never be taken during pregnancy. d. are not toxic to a fetus; only illicit drugs are.
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the levels-of-processing model?
a. The distinction between shallow and deep processing has never been clearly defined. b. Shallow processing does not always imply a poor memory. c. Researchers cannot control the depth to which their subjects process information. d. The model has not produced further research on the nature of long-term memory. e. Memory is not a directly observable phenomenon.
_____ refers to the close emotional bond an individual has with the person or persons who raised and cared for him/her
a) Temperament b) Stranger anxiety c) Attachment d) Autonomy